Improving Students’ Speaking Skills through Free Oral Presentation and Role-Play Techniques. The Case of first year EFL students at Chadli Bendjedid University

Abstract

This study aims at investigating the efficiency of free oral presentations and role-plays as teaching techniques in improving English Foreign Language (EFL) students' speaking skill. This study focuses on students’ oral performance in role play and free oral presentation as two main adaptable activities that are used in oral expression to improve students’ speaking proficiency. The investigation was carried out in the Department of English at ChadliBendjedid University. In order to confirm or reject the formulated hypotheses, two data gathering tools were used: a classroom observation and a questionnaire. The classroom observation was carried out with two groups of first year EFL students during the second semester in Oral Expression module, and a questionnaire: one directed to 60 EFL students of the same population, and a questionnaire administered to five oral expression teachers.The results reveal that both role-play and free oral presentation are very effective techniques in improving students’ speaking skill. In one hand, role-play technique gives students the opportunity to practice the language in any given context and different situations. In the other hand, free oral presentations are useful for EFL students as it highly motivatesthem especially in establishing self-esteem and confidence. This research was carried out with first year students of English at ChadliBendjedid University in El-Tarf during the academic year 2016-2017, we hope, thus, that this study will be useful to both teachers and students of other levels in teaching speaking skill.

ﺗﮭﺪف ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻛﺘﺸﺎف ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺔ اﻟﻘﺎء اﻟﻌﺮوض اﻟﺸﻔﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﺤﺮة واﻟﻤﺴﺮﺣﯿﺔ ﻛﻮﺳﯿﻠﺘﯿﻦ ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﮭﺎرة اﻟﻜﻼم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ ﻛﻠﻐﺔ أﺟﻨﺒﯿﺔ. وﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷداء اﻟﺸﻔﻮي ﻟﻠﻄﻼب ﻓﻲ ﻟﻌﺐ اﻷدوار اﻟﻤﺴﺮﺣﯿﺔ واﻟﻌﺮوض اﻟﺸﻔﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﺤﺮة ﻛﺎﺛﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻜﯿﻒ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ اﻟﺸﻔﻮي ﻟﺘﺤﺴﯿﻦ إﺟﺎدة اﻟﺘﺤﺪث اﻟﻄﻼب. وﻗﺪ أﺟﺮي اﻟﺘﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﺸﺎد ﻟﯿﺒﻨﺠﺪﯾﺪ. ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﺗﺄﻛﯿﺪ أو رﻓﺾ اﻟﻔﺮﺿﯿﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺎﻏﺔ، ﺗﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﺛﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ أدوات ﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﺎت :اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﺼﻔﯿﺔ واﻻﺳﺘﺒﯿﺎن. وﻗﺪ أﺟﺮﯾﺖ اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﺼﻔﯿﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺘﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ طﻼب اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻷول ﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ ﻛﻠﻐﺔ أﺟﻨﺒﯿﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺪراﺳﻲ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ وﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ اﻟﺸﻔﻮي، واﺳﺘﺒﯿﺎن :واﺣﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﮫ إﻟﻰ 06 اﻟﻄﻼب ﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ ﻛﻠﻐﺔ أﺟﻨﺒﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ، واﺳﺘﺒﯿﺎن ﻣﻮﺟﮫ اﻟﻰ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﺳﺎﺗﺬة ﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ اﻟﺸﻔﻮي.و ﻗﺪ ﺑﯿﻨﺖ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ أن ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺮﺣﯿﺔ واﻟﻌﺮض اﻟﺸﻔﮭﻲ اﻟﺤﺮ ھﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﻨﯿﺎت ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﺟﺪا ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﮭﺎرة اﻟﻜﻼﻣﯿﺔ ﻟﺪى اﻟﻄﻼب. ﻓﻤﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﺔ، ﺗﺘﯿﺢ اﻟﻤﺴﺮﺣﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﻼب اﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﻟﻤﻤﺎرﺳﺔ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻓﻲ أي ﺳﯿﺎق ﻣﻌﯿﻦ وﺣﺎﻻت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ. ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﺔ أﺧﺮى، اﻟﻌﺮوض اﻟﺸﻔﮭﯿﺔ اﻟﺤﺮة ﻣﻔﯿﺪة ﻟﻠﻄﻼﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ ﻛﻠﻐﺔ أﺟﻨﺒﯿﺔ ﻷﻧﮭﺎﺗﺤﻔﺰھﻢ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﺎص ﻓﻲ إﻧﺸﺎء اﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﺲ. وﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ إﺟﺮاء ھﺬا اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻊ طﻼب اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﺸﺎذﻟﻲ ﺑﻦ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ وﻻﯾﺔ اﻟﻄﺎرف , ﻧﺘﻤﻨﻰ ان ﺗﻔﯿﺪ ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﺳﺎﺗﺬة واﻟﻄﻼب ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﻷﺧﺮى ﻓﻲ ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ 2017-2016ﺧﻼل اﻟﻌﺎم اﻟﺪراﺳﻲ اﻟﻤﮭﺎرة اﻟﻜﻼﻣﯿﺔ