Contribution à la mise au point d’une méthode de bio contrôle des ravageurs des denrées stockées à base d’huiles essentielles

Abstract

Résumé La présente étude porte sur l’évaluation de l’activité répulsive des huiles essentielles de Mentha piperita, Laurus nobilis et Syzygium aromaticum récolte de la région d EL Tarf ,vis-à-vis des adultes de Lasioderma serricorne et Tribolium castaneum, deux insectes ravageurs des denrées stockées. Les huiles essentielles ont été obtenues par hydrodistillation à l’aide d’un appareil de type Clevenger. Les rendements obtenus sont de 1,12 % pour Mentha piperita, 1,40 % pour Laurus nobilis et 6,25 % pour Syzygium aromaticum. Sachant que le rendement l’HE est varié selon la nature et l’origine de la plante utilisée. Selon le classement de McDonald et al. (1970), Les résultats obtenus montrent que les trois huiles essentielles présentent une activité répulsive vis-à-vis des deux espèces étudiées. Pour Tribolium castaneum, l’huile essentielle de Syzygium aromaticum a présenté le taux de répulsion le plus élevé avec 73,30 %, suivie de Mentha piperita (61,66 %) et de Laurus nobilis (54,58 %). Concernant Lasioderma serricorne, l’huile essentielle de Laurus nobilis a enregistré le taux de répulsion le plus important avec 73,91 %, suivie de Syzygium aromaticum (72,75 %), tandis que Mentha piperita a présenté un taux de répulsion de 43,36 %. Ces résultats mettent en évidence l’efficacité répulsive des huiles essentielles étudiées contre les insectes des denrées stockées. L’intensité de l’effet répulsif varie selon l’espèce végétale et l’insecte cible, ce qui suggère leur potentiel comme moyen naturel et respectueux de l’environnement dans la protection des produits stockés. Abstract The present study aims to evaluate the repellent activity of the essential oils of Mentha piperita, Laurus nobilis, and Syzygium aromaticum, collected from the El Tarf region, against adults of Lasioderma serricorne and Tribolium castaneum, two major pests of stored products. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The yields obtained were 1.12% for Mentha piperita, 1.40% for Laurus nobilis, and 6.25% for Syzygium aromaticum. It should be noted that the yield of essential oils varies according to the nature and origin of the plant material used. According to the classification of McDonald et al. (1970), the results showed that the three essential oils exhibited repellent activity against both insect species studied. For Tribolium castaneum, the essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum showed the highest repellency rate (73.30%), followed by Mentha piperita (61.66%) and Laurus nobilis (54.58%). Regarding Lasioderma serricorne, the essential oil of Laurus nobilis recorded the highest repellency rate (73.91%), followed by Syzygium aromaticum (72.75%), whereas Mentha piperita exhibited a repellency rate of 43.36%. These results highlight the repellent effectiveness of the studied essential oils against stored-product insects. The intensity of the repellent effect varies according to both the plant species and the target insect, suggesting their potential as natural and environmentally friendly agents for the protection of stored products. Abstract The present study aims to evaluate the repellent activity of the essential oils of Mentha piperita, Laurus nobilis, and Syzygium aromaticum, collected from the El Tarf region, against adults of Lasioderma serricorne and Tribolium castaneum, two major pests of stored products. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The yields obtained were 1.12% for Mentha piperita, 1.40% for Laurus nobilis, and 6.25% for Syzygium aromaticum. It should be noted that the yield of essential oils varies according to the nature and origin of the plant material used. According to the classification of McDonald et al. (1970), the results showed that the three essential oils exhibited repellent activity against both insect species studied. For Tribolium castaneum, the essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum showed the highest repellency rate (73.30%), followed by Mentha piperita (61.66%) and Laurus nobilis (54.58%). Regarding Lasioderma serricorne, the essential oil of Laurus nobilis recorded the highest repellency rate (73.91%), followed by Syzygium aromaticum (72.75%), whereas Mentha piperita exhibited a repellency rate of 43.36%. These results highlight the repellent effectiveness of the studied essential oils against stored-product insects. The intensity of the repellent effect varies according to both the plant species and the target insect, suggesting their potential as natural and environmentally friendly agents for the protection of stored products.